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| Registros recuperados: 585 | |
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| Olaf Riess; Holm Graessner. |
| The INCF Secretariat organized a workshop to focus on the “role of neuroinformatics in the processes of building, evaluating, and using genetic animal models for brain diseases” in Stockholm, December 13–14, 2009. Eight scientists specialized in the fields of neuroinformatics, database, ontologies, and brain disease participated together with two representatives of the National Institutes of Health and the European Union, as well as three observers of the national INCF nodes of Norway, Poland, and the United Kingdom. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5909/version/1 |
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| Mihail Bota; Larry Swanson. |
| The goal of this workshop was to agree on a general strategy for developing a systematic, useful, and scientifically appropriate framework for neuroanatomical nomenclature. The workshop focused on general principles that will serve as a basis for future decisions on implementation strategies. The report discusses the problems arising from the use of different parcellation schemes and use of different terminologies and highlights the need of a universal vocabulary for describing the structural organization of the nervous system. Workshop participants encourage the creation of an International Coordinating Committee for Neuroanatomical Nomenclature and propose short- and long-term goals for such a committee. |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Bioinformatics; Data Standards. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1780/version/1 |
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| Andras Gelencser; Themistoklis Prodromakis; Christofer Toumazou; Tamas Roska. |
| In this paper we present a biorealistic model for the first part of the early vision processing by incorporating memristive nanodevices. The architecture of the proposed network is based on the organisation and functioning of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) in the vertebrate retina. We demonstrate that memristive devices are indeed a valuable building block for neuromorphic architectures, as their highly non-linear and adaptive response could be exploited for establishing ultra-dense networks with similar dynamics to their biological counterparts. We particularly show that hexagonal memristive grids can be employed for faithfully emulating the smoothing-effect occurring at the OPL for enhancing the dynamic range of the system. In addition, we employ a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6664/version/1 |
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| Donald C. Cooper. |
| “A disruptive innovation is an innovation that helps create a new market and value network, and eventually goes on to disrupt an existing market and value network (over a few years or decades), displacing an earlier technology. The term is used in business and technology literature to describe innovations that improve a product or service in ways that the market does not expect.” -Wikipedia
On April 3rd, 2012 Nature Precedings, Nature Publishing Group’s experiment in free pre-print publishing was shut down and no longer accepts submissions. According to the Nature Precedings website it was created in 2007 as “a place for researchers to share documents, including presentations, posters, white... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7151/version/1 |
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| Yukio Nishimura; Yosuke Morichika; Tadashi Isa. |
| Recent studies in monkeys showed that when the direct cortico-motoneuronal connection was transected at mid-cervical segments, remaining, indirect cortico-motoneuronal pathways compensated for finger dexterity within one to three months. To elucidate the changes in dynamic properties of neural circuits during the recovery, we investigated the cortico-muscular and inter-muscular couplings of activities throughout the recovery course. Activities of antagonist muscle pairs showed co-activation during the second postoperative week, and oscillated coherently at frequencies of 30-46 Hz (gamma-band) by one month postoperatively. Such gamma-band inter-muscular coherence was not observed preoperatively, but became prominent and distributed widely over proximal and... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1937/version/1 |
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| Priyanka Singh; Farhan Mohammad; Abhay Sharma. |
| Rodent kindling induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) is an established model of epileptogenesis and antiepileptic drug (AED) testing. Recently, a Drosophila systems model has been described in which chronic PTZ causes a decreased climbing speed in adult males on 7th day. Some AEDs ameliorate development of this locomotor deficit. Time-series of microarray expression profiles of heads of flies treated with PTZ has been found to resemble transcriptomic alterations associated with epileptogenesis. In the fly model, withdrawal from seven day long PTZ treatment causes an increased climbing speed on 7th consequent day. Here, we present a systems model of the post-PTZ withdrawal regime. Unlike AED-untreated individuals, flies treated with any of the five AEDs... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Genetics & Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3447/version/1 |
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| John Skoyles; Bernt C. Skottun. |
| Dyslexia and attentional problems are often comorbid. This raises the question whether reading deficits might etiologically follow from attentional difficulties, a hypothesis that has been proposed in regard to visuo-spatial attention deficits. This visuo-spatial attention deficit hypothesis would predict that attention deficits should be specific to dyslexia. However, it is here estimated that at the population level there are more non-dyslexic individuals than dyslexic individuals with visuo-spatial attention deficits. The reason for this is that in the overall population level there are far more individuals without dyslexia than with dyslexia. Thus, a relatively modest percentage presence of attention problems in the non-dyslexic population can result... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5525/version/1 |
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| Chobok Kim; James Kroger; Jeounghoon Kim. |
| Goal-directed behavior requires cognitive control to regulate neural processing when conflict is encountered. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has been associated with detecting response conflict during conflict tasks. However, recent findings have indicated not only that two distinct subregions of dACC are involved in conflict processing but also that the conflict occurs at both perceptual and response levels. We clarified a functional dissociation of the caudal dACC (cdACC) and the rostral dACC (rdACC) in responding to different sources of conflict. The cdACC was selectively engaged in perceptual conflict whereas the rdACC was more active in response conflict. Further, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was coactivated not with cdACC... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2505/version/1 |
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| Michel Thiebaut de Schotten; Flavio Dell'Acqua; Stephanie Forkel; Andrew Simmons; Francesco Vergani; Declan G.M. Murphy; Marco Catani. |
| Looking for a friend in the crowd, avoiding a sudden danger or contemplating a work of art are some examples of actions based on the efficiency of our visuo-spatial attention system. The specialization of the right brain hemisphere for visuo-spatial attention is a characteristic of most humans, but its anatomical basis remains largely unknown. Our study is the first to report in humans the existence of a bilateral parieto-frontal network whose hemispheric lateralization predicts the degree of specialization of the right hemisphere for visuo-spatial attention. Our results also suggest that this specialization is associated with an unbalanced speed of visuo-spatial processing between the two hemispheres. This lateralization may be predictive of visuo-spatial... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5549/version/1 |
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| Xiaolin Zhang. |
| The neuron, when considered as a signal processing device, itsinputs are the frequency of pulses received at the synapses, and its output is the frequency of action potentials generated- in essence, a neuron is a pulse frequency signal processing device. In comparison, electrical devices use either digital or analog signals for communication or processing, and the mathematics behind these subjects is well understood. However, in regards to pulse frequency processing devices, there has not yet been a clear and persuasive mathematical model to describe the functions of neurons. It goes without saying that such a model is very important, not only for understanding neuron and neural system behavior, but also for undeveloped potential applications in industry.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1703/version/1 |
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| Saaniya Contractor; Nataliya Kozlova; Vladimir Brezina. |
| For a sensorimotor network to generate adaptive behavior in the environment, the phases of the behavior must be appropriately timed. When the behavior is driven simply by the sensory stimuli from the environment, these can supply the timing. But when the behavior is driven by an internal "goal" that ignores and perhaps even opposes the immediate sensory stimuli, the timing must be generated internally by the network. We have modeled a realistic behavioral scenario that requires such internal timing.

When the sea slug Aplysia feeds, it incrementally ingests long strips of seaweed, driven by ingestive stimuli emanating from the seaweed. But if, having ingested a strip, the animal fails to break the... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2817/version/1 |
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| Xin Zou; Damien Coyle; KongFatt Wong-Lin; Liam Maguire. |
| Many dementia cases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are characterized by an increase in low frequency field potential oscillations. However, a definitive understanding of the effects of the beta-Amyloid peptide, which is a main marker of AD, on the low frequency theta rhythm (4-7Hz) is still unavailable. In this work, we investigate the neural mechanisms associated with beta-Amyloid toxicity using a conductance-based neuronal network model of the hippocampus CA1 region. We simulate the effects of beta-Amyloid on the A-type fast inactivating K+ channel by modulating the maximum conductance of the current in pyramidal cells, denoted by gA. Our simulation results demonstrate that as gA decreases (through A[beta]
blockage), the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6004/version/1 |
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| Martin A. Giese; Vittorio Caggiano; Falk Fleischer. |
| SUMMARY: The recognition of actions of conspecifics is crucial for survival and social interaction. Most current models on the recognition of transitive (goal-directed) actions rely on the hypothesized role of internal motor simulations for action recognition. However, these models do not specify how visual information can be processed by cortical mechanisms in order to be compared with such motor representations. This raises the question how such visual processing might be accomplished, and in how far motor processing is critical in order to account for the visual properties of action-selective neurons.
We present a neural model for the visual processing of transient actions that is consistent with physiological data and that accomplishes... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5862/version/1 |
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| Federico Esposti; Jacopo Lamanna; Maria Gabriella Signorini. |
| A lot of methods were created in last decade for the spatio-temporal analysis of multi-electrode array (MEA) neuronal data sets. All these methods were implemented starting from a channel to channel analysis, with a great computational effort and onerous spatial pattern recognition task. 
Our idea is to approach the MEA data collection from a different point of view, i.e. considering all channels simultaneously. We transform the 2D plus time MEA signal in a mono-dimensional plus time signal and elaborate it as a normal 1D signal, using the Space-Amplitude Transform method. 
This geometrical transformation is completely invertible and allows to employ very fast processing algorithms. 
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| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1306/version/1 |
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| UnCheol Lee; Seunghwan Kim; Gyu-Jeong Noh; Byung-Moon Choi. |
| As pointed out by William James, "the consciousness is a dynamic process, not a thing" , during which short term integration is succeeded by another differentiated neural state through the continual interplay between the environment, the body, and the brain itself. Thus, the dynamic structure underlying successive states of the brain is important for understanding human consciousness as a process. In order to investigate the dynamic property of human consciousness, we developed a new method to reconstruct a state space from electroencephalogram(EEG), in which a trajectory, reflecting states of consciousness, is constructed based on the global information integration of the brain. EEGs were obtained from 14 subjects received an intravenous... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1244/version/1 |
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| Patrick Connor; Thomas Trappenberg. |
| The striatum has long been implicated in reinforcement learning and has been suggested by several neurophysiological studies as the substrate for encoding the reward value of stimuli. Reward prediction error (RPE) has been used in several basal ganglia models as the underlying learning signal, which leads to Pavlovian conditioning abilities that can be simulated by the Rescorla-Wagner model.

Lateral inhibition between striatal projection neurons was once thought to have a winner-take-all function, useful in selecting between possible actions. However, it has been noted that the necessary reciprocal connections for this interpretation are too few, and the relative strength of these synaptic connections is weak. Still,... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5986/version/1 |
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| Registros recuperados: 585 | |
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